Table 1 Study and patient characteristics
| Â | Â | No. of patients/total no. of patients (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First author of study, year | Location | Country TB and HIV burdena | Study design | Participant recruitment timing | Clinical setting(s) | No. enrolled | Clinical features of cohort | Exclusion criteria | Median age (IQR) (months) | Female gender | Previous TB history | HIV positive | MRS + vec | CRS + ved |
Franchi, 1998 [11] | Peru | MDR TB high burden | Cohort | Prospective | Hospital | 64 | Presumed pulmonary TB from clinical and epidemiological information | AIDS or previous TB Rx | 85b (NR) | NR | 0/64 | 0/64 (0) | 26/64 (41) | NA |
Hanrahan, 2019 [24] | South Africa | TB + HIV/TB + MDR TB high burden | Cohort | Prospective | Primary healthcare | 119 | TB contact, cough, weight loss/failure to thrive, fever, lethargy | Received Rx for TB in past 3 months, the presence of danger signs (fever > 39 °C, severe respiratory distress, reduced consciousness) > 10 years of age | 21 (12–43) | 56/119 (47) | 5/119 (4) | 21/119 (18) | 4/119 (3) | 104/119 (87) |
Marcy, 2016 [26] | Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cambodia, Vietnam | TB high burden, TB/HIV high burden, TB + MDR TB high burden, not high-burden country | Cohort | Prospective | Hospital | 281 | Cough, failure to thrive, CXR abnormality, fever, failure of broad spectrum abx | Received Rx for TB in past 2 years | 86 (49–NR) | 132/272 (49) | 49/272 (18) | 272/272 (100) | 35/272 (13) | 246/272 (90) |
Oberhelman, 2015 [27] | Peru | MDR TB high burden | Case control | Prospective | Hospital | 290 | TB contact, cough, CXR abnormality, TST/IGRA + ve, Stegen-Toledo score > 4 or > 3 if HIV positive | Not specified | NR | 145/290 (50) | Unknown | 81/290 (28) | 23/290 (8) | NA |
Owens, 2007 [28] | Uganda | TB + HIV/TB high burden | Cohort | Prospective | Hospital | 96 | Cough, weight loss, severe malnutrition, CXR abnormality, TST/IGRA + ve, failure of abx | HIV + ve and stable with CXR changes of bilateral symmetrical hilar opacities with diffuse parenchymal infiltration suggestive of LIP | 48 (NR) | 37/94 (39) | Unknown | 44/94 (47) | 24/94 (26) | NA |
Song, 2021 [23] | Kenya | TB + HIV/TB high burden | Cohort | Prospective | Hospital, household contact tracing | 300 | Cough, weight loss/failure to thrive, CXR abnormality, fever, large persistent cervical LN, failure of abx | On TB Rx or IPT or if received Rx for TB in past year or IPT in past 6 months | 24 (12–43) | 151/300 (50) | Unknown | 73/300 (24) | 31/300 (10) | NA |
Zar, 2012 [29] | South Africa | TB + HIV/TB + MDR TB high burden | Cohort | Prospective | Hospital | 674 | TB contact, cough, weight loss/failure to thrive, CXR abnormality TST/IGRA + ve | TB Rx for > 72 h did not live in Cape Town, IS or NPA sample not obtained | 19 (11–38) | 241/535 (45) | 56/535 (10) | 117/535 (22) | 99/535 (19) | 343/535 (64) |
Zar, 2013 [25] | South Africa | TB + HIV/TB + MDR TB high burden | Cohort | Prospective | Primary healthcare | 415 | TB contact, cough, weight loss/failure to thrive, CXR abnormality TST/IGRA + ve | TB Rx for > 72 h, IS or NPA sample not obtained | 38 (21–57) | 203/384 (53) | 42/384 (11) | 31/384 (8) | 42/384 (11) | 197/384 (51) |
Zar, 2019 [30] | South Africa | TB + HIV/TB + MDR TB high burden | Cohort | Prospective | Hospital | 195 | TB contact, cough, weight loss/failure to thrive, CXR abnormality TST/IGRA + ve | TB Rx for > 72 h did not live in Cape Town, IS or NPA sample not obtained | 23 (14–47) | NR | 15/195 (8) | 32/195 (16) | 45/195 (23) | 144/195 (74) |