Table 1 Patient demographic and clinical characteristics. Demographic and clinical characteristics of individuals admitted at MRRH during three periods identified by differing mortality rates

Total, N (%)

3777

1655 (43.8)

1423 (37.7)

699 (18.5)

Age, years mean, (SD)

49.6 (20.1)

49.4 (20.4)

50.2 (20.1)

48.8 (19.6)

0.28

Women, n (%)

1859 (49.3)

838 (50.7)

704 (49.5)

317 (45.4)

0.06

Past medical history, n (%)

 Hypertension

861 (22.8)

344 (20.8)

349 (24.5)

168 (24.1)

0.03

 Diabetes

465 (12.3)

185 (11.2)

192 (13.5)

88 (12.6)

0.15

 Heart failure

248 (6.6)

123 (7.4)

84 (5.9)

41 (5.9)

0.17

 Kidney disease

154 (4.1)

73 (4.4)

58 (4.1)

23 (3.3)

0.46

 COPD/asthma

115 (3.0)

55 (3.3)

35 (2.5)

25 (3.6)

0.25

 Liver disease

73 (1.9)

29 (1.8)

35 (2.5)

9 (1.3)

0.14

 Mental health

41 (1.1)

19 (1.2)

16 (1.1)

6 (0.9)

0.81

 Malignancy

37 (1.0)

15 (0.9)

16 (1.1)

6 (0.9)

0.78

 Stroke

33 (0.9)

18 (1.1)

12 (0.8)

3 (0.4)

0.29

HIV serostatus, n (%)

0.001

 Positive

482 (12.9)

200 (12.2)

168 (11.9)

115 (16.6)

 Negative

1177 (31.5)

496 (30.3)

485 (34.4)

196 (28.3)

 Unknown

2078 (55.6)

939 (57.4)

758 (53.7)

381 (55.1)

Length of hospital stay days, mean, (SD)

7.0 (7.8)

7.1 (7.7)

6.7 (8.1)

7.7 (7.3)

0.02

Transfer to outside facility, n (%)

31 (0.8)

19 (1.2)

5 (0.4)

7 (1.0)

0.04

In-hospital mortality, n (%)

284 (7.6)

48 (2.9)

219 (15.4)

17 (2.4)

< 0.001

distance from hospital, km mean (SD)

43.8 (52.7)

43.6 (53.5)

45.8 (51.9)

40.1 (52.5)

0.07

SOFA, mean (SD)

1.1 (1.6)

1.0 (1.6)

1.3 (1.7)

1.1 (1.6)

< 0.001

CCI, mean (SD)

2.0 (1.8)

2.0 (1.8)

2.2 (1.8)

2.0 (1.9)

0.02

Labs drawn during admission, N (%)

1235 (33.0)

475 (29.0)

510 (36.1)

250 (35.9)

< 0.001